Fundamental Rights And Duties

WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES GOVERNED BY THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION TO US 

The Constitution of India enshrines both fundamental rights and fundamental rights and duties for its citizens. These provisions are outlines in Part III and Part IV of the Indian Constitution, respectively.

Fundamental Rights :

1. RIGHT TO EQUALITY : This includes equality before the law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion,  race, caste, sex, or place of birth, and equality of opportunities in matters of public employment.

2. RIGHT TO FREEDOM : This encompasses freedom of speech and expression , assembly, association, movement, residence, and the right to practice any profession, occupation, trade, or business.

3. RIGHT AGAINST EXPLOITATION : It prohibits trafficking, forced labor and child labor. It also prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 in hazardous industries.

4. RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF RELIGION : This grants individuals the freedom to profess, practice, and propagate any religion of their choice. It also include the freedom to manage religious affairs and protect religious places.

5. CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS : These rights protect the interests of minorities by allowing them to conserve their distinct language, script, and culture. They also provide for the establishment and administration of education institutions by religious or linguistic minorities.

6. RIGHT TO PROPERTY : This right was removed as a fundamental right by the 44th Amendment Act in 1978 , but it still remains a legal right.

7. RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL REMIDIES : This ensures that individuals can seek legal remedies if their fundamental rights violated. It includes the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of rights through Writs.

Fundamental Duties:

The Constitution of India also includes a list of fundamental duties that are expected to be followed by its citizens. These duties are outlined in Article 51A. Some of the key fundamental duties are :

1. To abide by the constitution and respect its ideals and institutions.

2. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people.

3. To protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.

4. To promote the values of socialism, secularism, and democracy.

5. To safeguard public property and not to indulge in violence.

6. To defend the country and render national service when called upon.

7. To strive for excellence in individual and collective spheres of activity.

It is important to note that while fundamental rights are justiciable and enforceable by courts, fundamental duties are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot by legally enforced in courts. However, they are considered moral obligations for citizens to fulfill.

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